Free article: Fixed operators must face up to the threat of
fixed-mobile substitution
While fixed networks still carry the majority of voice traffic today,
mobile services can offer greater convenience and are becoming increasingly
affordable in many markets. As some mobile operators target fixed voice
usage as a source of revenue growth and encourage their customers to
dispense with their PSTN services, fixed operators are being confronted by
the phenomenon of fixed–mobile substitution that can cause the migration of
voice traffic to mobile networks and (in some cases) precipitate the removal
of fixed-line services altogether.
The proportion of mobile-only households has already reached 33% in some
Western European markets. Indeed, some markets demonstrate the potential for
a major shift in the balance of traffic between fixed and mobile networks:
In 2004, nearly 50% of all voice minutes in Austria and Finland were
originated on mobile phones and in Portugal the figure was even higher (as
shown in Figure 1).
Figure 1: Proportions of mobile- and fixed-originated
voice calls in selected Western Europe markets, quarter ending December 2004

The prospect of significant numbers of customers relinquishing their
fixed lines is a major threat to fixed operators. Fixed mobile line
substitution diminishes fixed-voice revenues in the short term, while also
limiting the longer-term opportunities for provision of other services (such
as broadband Internet and IPTV).
However, even if fixed operators are able to avoid line substitution by
employing innovative tariffs, new promotions and advanced services (outlined
in a new report Defending Against
Fixed–Mobile Substitution: detailed operator case studies), there is
still a significant threat to their short-term revenues if voice traffic
migrates from fixed to mobile networks.
In response, fixed operators must become increasingly innovative as they
defend their businesses against fixed–mobile substitution. Case studies
reveal a variety of tactics that can be used to halt, and even reverse, line
substitution and slow down the migration of traffic to mobile networks.
While there are many potential tactics to defend against substitution,
fixed operators need to consider which of them best fit their own
circumstances. All fixed operators will be keen to avoid line substitution;
however some integrated operators (with both fixed and mobile operations)
may be more amenable towards traffic substitution, if their mobile
businesses are in a strong position to benefit.
Defending Against Fixed–Mobile
Substitution: detailed operator case studies presents six extensive case
studies of both fixed-only and integrated fixed–mobile operators in Western
Europe and the USA, which demonstrate a variety of ways for fixed operators
to defend against fixed–mobile substitution. They illustrate tariffs,
services and promotions that can be used to maintain fixed usage levels and
prevent customers from relinquishing their fixed lines. Companies profiled
in the report include Belgacom, BellSouth, BT, Elion, France Telecom and
Telecom Italia.